to say you're American in the casual form is it said アメリカ人？　and if so, do they only use this pronunciation of the congee for person if it’s used in context with something else?

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Yes, in Japanese, to say "I'm American" in a casual form, you can say "アメリカ人" (Amerikajin). This term consists of "アメリカ" (America) and "人" (person).

When used on its own, "アメリカ人" specifically refers to an American person. However, in casual conversations, the word "人" (person) is often dropped, and people might simply say "アメリカ" to mean American.

For example:
- アメリカ人です。(Amerikajin desu.) - I'm American.
- アメリカに行きたい。(Amerika ni ikitai.) - I want to go to America.

So, while "アメリカ人" is the correct term for an American person, in casual speech, the word "人" is sometimes omitted when the context is clear.